The Google Story †How Google was Started.

The Google Story – How Google was Started. Free Online Research Papers Google is a company that was conceptualized in a dorm room by two Stanford University college students in 1996 (Arnold, 2005, p. 1) and has morphed into one of the greatest technological powerhouses in operation today. What began as merely a means to analyze and categorize Web sites according to their relevance has developed into a vast library of widely utilized resources, including email servicing, calendaring, instant messaging and photo editing, just to reference a few. Recent statistics collected by SearchEngineWatch.com reflects that of the 10 billion searches performed within the United States during the month of February, 2008, an impressive 5.9 billion of them were executed by Google (Burns, 2008). Rated as Fortune Magazine’s top American company to work for in both 2007 (â€Å"100 Best†, 2007)and 2008 (â€Å"100 Best†, 2008), Google obviously has curbed the market on fair and friendly treatment of its employees. But how does it measure up when one c onsiders the ethics in relation to its business practices? The purpose of this paper is to identify and evaluate the ethical concerns specific to privacy faced by this herculean computing company and to determine the effectiveness of their treatment of these issues. Google opens their corporate code of ethics with a simple sentence â€Å"Don’t be evil† (Google Code of Conduct,  ¶1). This statement is consistent with the theory of virtue ethics, placing emphasis on the importance of developing to the highest potential. They may not necessarily be considered evil, but Google does engage in practices that are certainly vague and could be considered disreputable. Google’s questionable corporate policies in relation to privacy have long been a subject of contention amongst consumer privacy groups and computing organizations. Google’s privacy policy relies strongly on the impression that everything they do is for the sole purpose of improving service. Multiple references are made to their goal of improved service throughout the policy, including statements such as â€Å"we use this information to improve the quality of our search technology†, â€Å"we use cookies to improve the quality of our service†, and â€Å"in order to provide our full range of services† (Google Privacy Policy,  ¶6). While these statements may technically be true, one must also consider that these practices are followed in an effort to better the company and not solely for the improvement of service to their users as is often implied. The policy also addresses the possibility of future changes, stating that all amendments to the policy will be immediately reflected in the on-line documentation and that if changes made are â€Å"significant† they will provide â€Å"a more prominent notice† (Google Privacy Policy,  ¶29). The determination of what constitutes a â€Å"significant† change is left to Google to determine, requiring existing users to routinely verify the terms of the policy to ensure that no changes have been established that might impose on their assumed privacy rights. The terms of service statement provided by Google that relates to all of its provided products is concerning. It reads â€Å"by submitting, posting or displaying the content you give Google a perpetual, irrevocable, worldwide, royalty-free, and non-exclusive license to reproduce, adapt, modify, translate, publish, publicly perform, publicly display and distribute any Content which you submit, post or display on or through the Services† (Google Terms of Service, Section 11.1). A user’s agreement to this statement gives Google full rights to use the content posted through their services in any way that they see fit. Considering the fact that this single document is in essence a blanket statement that applies to every service operated by Google, the effects of this statement are enormous. Essentially, Google is given open license to use any video posted on YouTube, any comments written on Blogger, and any photographs uploaded to Picasa, all entities controlled by Googl e, Inc. Things that users might consider to be personal instantly become the property of Google at the click of the mouse. Even though the images or comments are posted to the publicly accessible Internet, most do not consider the reality that the use of those images or comments, meant to be shared with family or friends, are out of their control when the upload is complete. An inherent privacy issue related to Google’s practices is associated with its most basic function – the search. The first time a computer is used to access Google’s website, a cookie is placed on the system’s hard drive which serves as a unique identifier, allowing Google to monitor the search history from that machine. These cookies, according to Google, grant them the ability to store user preferences while tracking trends (i.e. – how people search) (Google Privacy Policy,  ¶6). Collected information is stored on server logs and includes such data as IP address, date and time of the search, browser type and browser language (Google Privacy Policy,  ¶7). They can also track which links a user selects on a given page and the path that they follow. Google is forthcoming with their placement of cookies (Google Privacy Policy,  ¶ 6), but is very unclear about the expiration date of the cookie or how long log files are retained. The significance of installing a cookie that assigns a unique identifier to each system is that Google is given the ability to read, identify and record every action a users takes when using Google products. The data collected by these cookies, combined with data acquired by content extraction (discussed further within this paper), allows Google to create user profiles based on the subjects they search (Google Search, Google Scholar, Book Search, Blog Search, Image Search, Custom Search), their purchasing habits (Google Checkout), the statements they make within personal communications (Gmail, Google Talk), the activities they participate in (Google Calendar), and the data they store on their computers (Google Desktop). Google’s release of its Gmail service in April, 2004 caused an immediate backlash of complaints by watch groups who voiced concerns regarding Google’s plan to use content extraction, a process of scanning the text of all incoming and outgoing messages for the purpose of placing paid advertisements on the page (Dixon and Givens, 2004). The Gmail privacy policy does state that content will be used to provide relevant advertisements, but the statement disguises this practice of ad placement as a â€Å"service† (Gmail Privacy Policy,  ¶ 6) to the user, not as an annoyance as many would perceive it. Users who subscribe for the free Gmail service agree to the extraction of content within their messages at the time of registration, but those non-subscribers who engage in messaging with Gmail users do not. This is where the contention lies. Without the consent of both parties involved in an email exchange, is it ethically acceptable for Google to extract data from these messages? Personal and private information could be contained within a message sent by a party unaffiliated with the Gmail service. Were they aware of Google’s extraction policy, they might be leery of doing so. Groups such as the Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) believe that Google’s practice of monitoring private communications can be construed as a violation of the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution. Their policy could set a bad legal precedent, in that a court might â€Å"consider the service as evidence of a lack of a reasonable expectation in e-mail† (EPIC, 2004), giving other service providers, employers and government agencies a legal means for monitoring communications amongst its users. As stated by George Reynolds, author of Ethics in Information Technology, â€Å"without a reasonable expectation of privacy, there is no privacy right to protect† (2007, p. 108). Google released their Checkout service in June, 2006. The service allows customers to perform a one-time registration with Google during which time they provide personally identifiable data, such as name, billing and shipping address and credit card information. Checkout then processes registrant’s purchases through participating vendors without the need for the customer to provide the information again. The release initially appeared to be an attempt at competition with the widely utilized PayPal service, but further analysis leads one to believe that Checkout is in reality yet another method for Google to collect information about its users in order to improve their ad placement practices. Intimate knowledge of their user’s actual shopping practices provides Google with valuable data that allows for personalized ad placement based on individual purchasing trends. These personalized ads are much more likely to incite user response, made important by the fact that every click of a sponsored link earns revenue for Google. The privacy policy specific to Google’s Checkout service is very precise and provides clear and concise explanations of the processes that are followed, including the placement of the cookie that is installed that, again, uniquely identifies the user’s browser. But again, an explanation of the length of time the cookie will reside on the user’s computer is unclear. Google Calendar allows registered users to record meetings, appointments, birthdays and personal reminders using their on-line tool. By default a user’s calendar is set to â€Å"private†, meaning that only they can view the data recorded within their personal database. An optional feature allows the user to share their schedule with a public group so that others can view their schedule for availability and so that meeting invitations can be sent and received from others. This requires the registrant to change their setting to â€Å"public†. The privacy policy specific to Google Calendar states that â€Å"in order to manage your invitations, when you invite other people to Calendar events, we collect and maintain information associated with those invitations, including email addresses, dates and times of the event, and any responses from guests† (Google Calendar Privacy Notice,  ¶ 5). As with Gmail, participants who are not registered users of Google calendar are unaware that their private personal information is collected and stored by Google, creating a clear invasion of assumed privacy. Google Desktop was originally developed and released as a means for a simplified and faster search of a user’s personal computer. The tool, which requires installation on the user’s computer, allowed the user to perform two consecutive queries one which was sent to Google to perform a Web search while the other searched the user’s personal index housed on their computer. The results page would then feature two separate sets of findings – one public and one private. The language of Google’s privacy statement in regards to the original release of Desktop stated that â€Å"these combined results can be seen only from your own computer; your computer’s content is never sent to Google† (Arrington, 2006). The release of an updated version of Desktop (version 3.0) in February, 2006 brought about substantial changes in the way the application functions. The new Desktop boasts a feature called â€Å"Search Across Computers† that allows users to search for personal files from multiple systems. Google has edited the statement reflected in their original Desktop privacy policy, no longer claiming that content is never sent to Google, but I was unable to discern in my research whether Google considered this change to be â€Å"significant† enough to constitute a more direct notification to existing users. Now, the user’s hard drive index is copied to Google’s servers and stored there â€Å"temporarily†. Google states that the application â€Å"indexes and stores versions of your files and other computer activity† but fails to address the expected timeline for data retention (Google Desktop Privacy Policy,  ¶ 2). The policy also implies that you r data is never accessible by anyone doing a standard Google search, but the fact remains that indexes are transferred and housed at a location other than the user’s personal hard drive. One of Google’s most blatant violations of privacy rights is the introduction of Google Maps Street View, a sub-service of Google Maps. Released in May of 2007, Street View displays high-resolution photographs taken from the street level of many major metropolitan cities throughout the country. It provides the user with a virtual tour of these cities and allows them to zoom in with the ability to view close up shots of landmarks, buildings, and any other object present at the moment of capture, including people. Screen captures taken from Street View cameras have included images of women sunbathing in bikinis and men walking into strip clubs (Schroeder, 2007). A glaring example of privacy invasion is a recent case uncovered by The Smoking Gun (â€Å"Warning†, 2008) in which Google’s Street View cameras crossed property boundaries and captures images of a Pittsburgh homeowners driveway, garage and backyard (including such detailed views as their childrenâ€⠄¢s trampoline) after driving on to the home’s private driveway with the cameras capturing constant screen shots – an unmistakable invasion of presumed privacy. As of this writing, it is unknown whether or not the homeowners in this case have made contact with Google regarding the issue of trespassing and if so, what Google’s response might have been. As reported by MSNBC, â€Å"potentially embarrassing or compromising scenes like these are raising questions about whether the Internet’s leading search engine has gone too far in its attempt to make the world a more accessible place† (Liedtke). Google states that the images captured by their cameras are taken from a moving vehicle and could have been observed by any person walking or driving on that same street at the same moment. The difference is that the images are posted and maintained on a publicly-accessible website without the consent of the captured individuals. Users that discover images of themselves or images that they consider inappropriate and would like to have them removed can do so simply by contacting Google via a provided link. The obvious argument is that a person would first need to become aware of the existence of said image in order to request its removal. By the time it is discovered, the alleged invasion of privacy has already occurred. In terestingly, an Austrailian newspaper covering Google’s plan to launch Street View in their country recently contacted the company to inquire as to plans to include images of the homes of Google executives on the site (Klan, 2008). Google spokesman Rob Shilkin is quotes in the article as saying â€Å"providing those details would be completely inappropriate† (Klan, 2008). It would be a nice addition to Google’s privacy policy to allow common users to opt-out of having images of their own homes displayed by Google in advance, as is apparently the policy for Google’s key personnel. In an environment when the use of nearly any on-line service requires the user to agree to a set of terms, it is evident that most do not take the time to read and fully understand the impact that those policies may have in regards to their personal information. Even one of the creators of Google, Sergey Brin, acknowledged in a statement to reporters that he thinks â€Å"it’s interesting that the expectations of people with respect to what happens to their data seems to be different than what is actually happening† (Bridis, 2006). The question remains whether or not Google is responsible for their user’s inability (or unwillingness) to comprehend their policies and relate them to possible consequences associated when using one or all of Google’s products. Google is not a non-profit organization, offering its products strictly for the benefit of society. It is a business which requires profits to continue its operations; therefore its ultimate concern is that its shareholders are pleased with their earnings as a direct result of Google products. Google has become a leader in its field by developing unique and superior products and partnering those products with clever marketing and plain talk language that puts an unskilled user at ease with regards to Google’s services. The absence of any legislation that closely regulates electronic content has provided Google the ability to set their own standards without the threat of accountability when privacy breaches are recognized, aided by the fact that Google has successfully dominated their market space. Are Google’s policies clear as they relate to user privacy? The answer is both yes and no. Google is truthful in regards to their data collection policies, but appear to operate under different assumptions of privacy than most. But in the age of Internet communications, what kind of privacy can one truly expect, especially when the topic of personally identifiable information is introduced. Google has developed a certain level of assumed trust with their user base that may not be completely well deserved. What began as a simple means to search the resources of the World Wide Web has been transformed into a technological mega-corporation that has utilized their initial popularity to lure users to employ more and more of their clever innovations, all the while building upon their empire. The familiarity of Google has eliminated user caution. Given the current and future growth of the World Wide Web, there appears to be no end to the debate over acceptable expectations of privacy. A corporation as recognizable and influential as Google, though, has a responsibility to set the bar high for other businesses that exist within the competitive and lucrative industry of computing. Google’s existing policies are a disappointing example of the direction being taken by corporations in regard to basic user rights. Hopefully, they will closely consider the concerns of experts in the field as well as their customers when reviewing, modifying and creating new products and policies in the years to come and heed their own advice – â€Å"Don’t be evil!† Reference 100 Best Companies to Work For, Fortune Magazine (2007, February). CNNMoney.com, Retrieved April 2, 2008, from http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/bestcompanies/2007/full_list/ 100 Best Companies to Work For, Fortune Magazine (2008, February). CNNMoney.com, Retrieved April 2, 2008, from http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/bestcompanies/2008/full_list/index.html Arnold, S.E., (2005). The Google Legacy; How Google’s Internet Search is Transforming Applications Software. London, England: Infonortics Ltd. Arrington, M., (2006). Google Desktop 3.0: Privacy is Dead(er). TechCrunch. Retrieved April 10, 2008, from http://techcrunch.com/2006/02/08/google-desktop-new-version-tonight/ Bridis, T., Google acknowledges China compromise, (2006, June 6), MSNBC.com, Retrieved April 10, 2008, from msnbc.msn.com/id/13172409/print/1/displaymode/1098/ Burns, E., (2008). U.S. Core Search Rankings, February, 2008. Retrieved April 8, 2008 from http://searchenginewatch.com/showPage.html?page=3628837 Dixon, P. Givens, B. Thirty-One Privacy and Civil Liberties Organizations Urge Google to Suspend Gmail (2004, April 6) Privacy Rights Clearinghouse. Retrieved March 14, 2008, from privacyrights.org/ar/GmailLetter.htm Electronic Privacy Information Center, Gmail Privacy Page (2004, August 18), Retrieved March 14, 2008, from http://epic.org/privacy/gmail/faq.html Freedman, D.H., Internet: Why Privacy Will No Longer Matter (2007), MSNBC.com, Retrieved April 10, 2008, from msnbc.msn.com/id/12017579/site/newsweek/print/1/displaymode/1098/ Google, Inc., Gmail Privacy Notice (2005, October 14), Retrieved April 1, 2008, from http://gmail.google.com/mail/help/privacy.html Google, Inc., Google Calendar Privacy Notice (unknown date), Retrieved April 10, 2008, from google.com/googlecalendar/privacy_policy.html Google, Inc., Google Code of Conduct (2008, February), Retrieved April 8, 2008, from http://investor.google.com/conduct.html Google, Inc., Google Desktop Privacy Policy (2007, September 21), Retrieved March 30, 2008, from http://desktop.google.com/privacypolicy.html Google, Inc., Google Privacy Policy (2005, October), Retrieved March 15, 2008, from google.com/intl/en/privacypolicy.html Google, Inc., Google Terms of Service (2007, April), Retrieved March 15, 2008, from google.com/accounts/TOS?loc=US Klan, A., Google execs out of sight (2008, April 12), The Austrailian, Retrieved April 12, 2008, from theaustrailian.news.com/au/story/0,25197,23526150-7582,00.html Liedtke, M., Google hits streets, raises privacy concerns, MSNBC.com, Retrieved April 19, 2008, from msnbc.msn.com/id/18987058/print/1/displaymode/1098/ Reynolds, G., (2007). Ethics in Information Technology, Second Edition. Boston: Thomson. Schroeder, M., (2007). Top 15 Google Street View Sightings (2007, May 31), Mashable Social Networking News. Retrieved April 5, 2008, from http://mashable.com/2007/05/31/top-15-google-street-view-sightings/ Warning: Google Is In Your Driveway! (2008, April 7), The Smoking Gun, Retrieved from thesmokinggun.com/archive/years/2008/0407081google1.html Research Papers on The Google Story - How Google was Started.Unreasonable Searches and SeizuresAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaResearch Process Part OneOpen Architechture a white paperMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NicePETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Project Managment Office SystemDefinition of Export QuotasTwilight of the UAW

Asnwers to 5 interview Questions paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Asnwers to 5 interview Questions paper - Essay Example Business expansion revenues includes sell of stocks and being an advisory to the management. These two actually formed part of my project that led to the successful graduation. Hence, without any fear of contradiction, I guess the organization have just solved major part of their problem. As far as your organization is concerned, I believe you need someone who has the right management and leadership skills to propel it to greater heights. I possess all the qualities that this particular specialty requires having undergone several trainings and workshops in leadership management. Furthermore, I have worked at different managerial positions where I played various leadership roles like providing guidance to the junior staff and settling any arising disputes. I also understand that you require somebody who would be able to build a good clientele base. Having worked for 8 years in my previous job as a customer relations officer, I can reaffirm to you that I have all that is needed in ensuring customer satisfaction. I will always strive to attract new customers to invest with your bank and work hard to retain them and help in realizing the goals of your company. Five years is a not such a long period in time, but it is enough to have gained more experience as an investment banker through various opportunities provided by the organization. Personally, after the period I would have grown as all round banker and have enough experience to help the organization succeed in its ways. On the other hand, from the organization point of view, the business would have increased its portfolio by more than thirds of the levels that I found in the organization. Hence, the business profits would have increased that will generate more opportunities in the organization. As such I see myself going nowhere and will remain with the organization for the long

Professional Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Professional Portfolio - Essay Example Mission Statement To carry out my leadership role with integrity and honesty, showing dignity and respect for others as well as myself, and to consider all constituents involved in decision-making processes. Leader Philosophy Establish a personal leadership philosophy that motivates oneself to achieve one's best when leading others. Develop a flexible leadership style that incorporates a range of leadership models that can be tailored to the situation at hand, and that complement and reinforce one's leadership strengths. Effective leadership champions the five principles of: modeling the way, inspiring a shared vision, challenging the process, enabling others to act, and encouraging the heart. Demonstrate an unwavering commitment to a clear set of values; transparency is an essential quality of an effective leader, and so one must be ready to logically justify the choices made and the actions taken. Promote one's willingness to make a positive difference in the world. Envision the successes to be achieved, and keep this goal at the foremost of one's consciousness, cultivating one's inner voice to motivate and maintain one's momentum towards the vision. Delegate effectively, by way of selecting and matching staff to the tasks that best suit their ability to achieve. Provide praise as a creative method to motivate the best performance from staff. Effectively and efficiently monitor the progress of implemented plans, in regards to adherence to objectives, evaluation of outcomes and the level of work satisfaction among staff. Support of equality and freedom and the development of social evolution, by way of encouraging staff to enjoy their work tasks, and in supporting their personal, emotional and relational development. Cultivate a...Each piece was chosen to reflect a step in my journey through my degree, and my commitment to continued professional development as a leader in my occupational and personal roles. Demonstrate an unwavering commitment to a clear set of values; transparency is an essential quality of an effective leader, and so one must be ready to logically justify the choices made and the actions taken. Aggressive results-driven professional with a proven track record of successful sales, marketing, and management experience in all areas of sales, sales management, marketing, and territory and new business development. Ability to conceptualize new opportunities, embrace change, and proactively meet challenges in a competitive and changing marketplace. High energy, idea generator, and forward thinking focused team player who is able to work independently. Confident business solutions decision maker. Ability to handle multitude of challenges simultaneously. Key strengths include: 2003 Inductee - Mars Incorporated Tie Club for long and distinguished service to Mars, Inc., personifying the Five Principles of Mars, and exemplifying the essence of good corporate and community citizenship Provides the strategic and operational leadership to the field sales organization, responsible for overall resource and budgetary management; to ensure profitable business growth via the achievement of specific gross sales volume, market share, brand, pack and profi

Social Worker Self Reflection Paper Social Work Essay

Social Worker Self Reflection Paper Social Work Essay As a qualified social worker, we need to hold the belief that people can change, especially when we work with the clients who have committed to some kinds of deviant behaviors. As a student who has received professional social work training for more than four years, I think most of the clients have the ability to alter to a better condition for themselves. However, I am not sure when it comes to pathological gamblers. Effected by my past experience, it is hard for me to trust a person who addicts to gambling. How I will react if there is one day I have to face to a client who is a pathological gambler? I am quite uncertain about that. Who is pathological gambler? The DSM-III (the third edition of the codebook of mental disorders) includes PG for the first time as an impulsive disorder (à lvarez-Moya; Jimà ©nez-Murcia; Neus Aymamà ­; Gà ³mez-Peà ±a, 2010).The original definition if pathological gambling stated the person is chronically and progressively unable to resist impulses to gamble (as cited by Ciarrocchi from American Psychiatric Association, 1980). According to this definition, pathological gambler (PG) refers to the people who has involved in gambling for a long time. Besides, their gambling behavior has become more and more severe but they refuse to quit gambling. Blaszczynski and Nower (2002) proposed the Pathways model as an etiological framework for understanding PG (as cited by Ledgerwood and Petry, 2010). According to this model, three subtypes of pathological gamblers exist: behaviorally conditioned, emotionally vulnerable, and antisocial impulsive. The reasons behind pathological gambling are various. Take behaviorally conditioned one as an example. People engage into gambling because of long period expose to gambling games. If most of friends or relatives addict into gambling, it is more likely for that person to participate in the same games, because his or her behavior is triggered and then maintained by the surroundings. Besides, grief emotion or suffering great loss may also lead to problematic gambling. Many PGs participate in gambling games in order to escape from sad mood or release stress. Moreover, somebody tries to pursue excited feelings by engaged in big wins and chasing loses games. As a result, PGs tend to lose more than before. We can often hear that one gambler lost all of his or her money, estates as well as families. Besides, problematic gambling also contributes to other social problem, such as domestic violence, robbery, theft, suicide and so on. Pathological gambling attracts broad attention in the recent years. Social worker may encounter with PG in many circumstances, no matter in doing case work, group work or community work. For instance, when a battered woman comes for seeking help, we need to elicit the reason behind her husbands abuse behavior. In some domestic violence cases, the abuser has problem gambling behavior. Solving the problematic behavior then becomes the workers initial task. We may not cope with PG directly since referring to another professional clinical social worker is needed for the clients with severe problems. However, it is inevitable for us to face with such kind of clients. Why PGs? I never doubt whether a person is able to change. I believe a drug abuser can quit drugs if he or she realizes the harm that drugs done to his or her body. I believe a man can stop violence to his family members when he learns to know how to manage his temper after cognitive behavior treatment or any other therapies. I believe a juvenile delinquency can clean up his or her act and begin his or her new life after receiving punishment by law and guiding by youth social worker. However, it is still hard for me to believe a PG can give up gambling forever. Unlike other types of addicts, there is no substance that stimulates gamblers emotion or feeling. From my point of view, all the problematic gambling behaviors are triggered by instinct, which cannot be changed by outer power. When I am preparing this term paper, I do self-introspection by myself. Indeed, similar to other social workers who encounter with counter transference, I am affected by my own experience. My aunt plays the lead in my story. My father had a big brother who died from a traffic accident in 1994. He left a large amount of heritage for my aunt as well as his two daughters. My aunt, a middle-aged housewife, starts her gambling life after the death of my uncle. At first, all of my family members including my grandparents thought she participated in gambling games just because she wanted to escape from the sadness. Besides, there is an old saying in Chinese little gambling can be entertainment. The whole family believed she just gambled for fun. As a result, nobody tried to impede her gambling action until one day she came to my home to borrow money from my father. She said she planned to open a grocery shop so that she could afford the life expenses for her as well as my two cousins. We were happy to see she could recover from sorrow and started new life again so my father and other uncles tried their best to support her. The grocery shop opened eventually; however, it was t he beginning of the nightmare. She rarely stayed in her shop and we heard the rumors about her from our relatives. They saw my aunt appear in the most famous local casino and lose numerous of money. When we confirmed with her, she denied. However, finally she lost her shop and was in heavy debt which was estimated about two million. Faced with accusing from family members, she came to my grandparents home, asked for forgive and swore she would never gamble any more. To our disappointed, she violated her vow over and over again. Every time after we know she engages in gambling game again, she will conduct her drama once by showing us how much determination she has made for quit gambling behavior. To our disappointed, her promise is provide nothing eventually. She still visits casino frequently until now, despite that she has really burdened a lot of debts. I know she has ever tried to get rid of gambling behavior, but all the trials are failed in the end. My two cousins, who should have been enjoying their marriage life, have to work harder to pay back the debt for their mother. My grandparent, who should have been enjoying their retired life, is troubled by my aunts gambling behavior and finally my grandpa died with regret. It may unfair for my aunt if I contribute the entire fault to her; nonetheless, she is the initiator of the evil. As a consequence, I lost the confidence on the gambler. By witnessing how my aunt indulges into gambling activities time and time again, I do not attach any extravagant hope to problematic gamblers. My aunt tried to make use of every possible means to get money and found every possible excuse to cover what she has done. I cannot believe one person can be so bad! In the first second, she swears she will never gamble again; the next second, she shows up on casino. When I called my grandma last week, she told me that my aunt participate in gambling again. Being a potential social worker, I may have to face all kinds of clients in the future. If I have to handle with a PG some day, I will out of my wit for sure. Because in my opinion, it is impossible for a PG to stop gambling, I cannot get start my work at all. Referring to another social worker should be a good idea, but I am afraid my stereotype towards PGs will still affect my professional practice unavoidably. In fact, after finished my presentation, I know what my problem is. If one day I show uncertain and suspect to my client who is PG, it means counter transference happens on me. The more contemporary view of counter transference is that the professionals reactions, real and unreal, to a client can occur irrespective of origin and can be based on their own past or present experience or client characteristics (James, 2008).Fortunately, I know how to introspect my feeling though my presentation. By self-reflection, I am aware that I lose the confidence on PGs because of my unsolved problems. I am the youngest one in the whole family. My grandparent and parent are always trying to protect me from the possibilities that may do harm to me. Although they tried their best to present me with a harmony picture of the family, I know more and more things when I grow up. I want to share the burden with my parent but I am too young to do anything. My helplessness makes me feel that I am not eligibl e to work with problematic gamblers. Actually, I lose the confidence on myself not on the PGs. What to do next? Just as Hepworth et al.(2010) mention in their book: introspection and self-assessment, as well as the ability to maintain appropriate boundaries and distance, will assess you to achieve or regain a realistic perspective on your relationships with clients. I cannot wait until one day counter transference really occurs then do I take introspection. Hence, I plan to take the following methods to cope with my problems: Trying to understand the reasons for PGs should be the first step. In fact, before I get start to write this paper, I already changed some of my perception about PGs because of literature review. After reading many dissertations and books, I begin to know the reason behind such behavior are complicated and various. People get addicted into gambling are not just for fun. Some of them want to escape from cruel reality by gambling games. Once engaged into gambling games, they can forget the troubles for a while. Apart from that, other gamblers may find gambling can be an effective stress reliever. They can release their anger, their workload, their family burden as well as other emotion that cannot erupt when they are at gambling desk. Secondly, I have to get start to solve my unsolved problem. I am not a little innocent girl any longer. It is necessary and possible for me to discuss my aunts gambling problem with my family members. Although I am not sure if I can help her or not and there is little clinical social service for PGs in mainland China, I still want to try. At least, I need to solve my own problem first and to make sure it will not have influence on my professional practice in the future. Knowing my aunts problems from all of the dimensions may help me to understand more about her. On the other hand, I hope I can share what I have learned from class with my family members so that they will know how to cope with my aunt in a better way. Thirdly, I will pay more attention to the part about how to deal with addicts while in the MSW program. Since I know my irrational emotion is mainly caused by my unhappy experience, I should equip myself to be qualified social worker so that one day I may be able to assess the PG to get rid of problematic gambling. I need to do continuously self assessment before I go into fieldwork. Only by realizing my disadvantage can I know where I should improve. Last but not least, I will discuss with my classmates when I feel uncomfortable with the relative cases. I can learn from other peoples views and may know how to change my stereotype. Furthermore, I may consult supervisor when it is necessary. I believe as a experienced social worker, my supervisor will give me some applicable suggestions and guide me to cope with the problem properly.

Twelfth Night Essays -- Literary Analysis, Shakespeare

In Shakespeare’s play, Twelfth Night or What you Will, the characters are involved in a plot complete with trickery, disguise, and love. Each character is defined not by his or her gender or true identity, but by the role they are forced to take because of the complicated situation that arises. Unlike their gender, the speech the characters give an insight to their true personalities. In the Twelfth Night, the character Duke Orsino uses flowery and over-dramatic language, long poetic sentence structure, and melodramatic metaphors to display his overemotional romantic nature despite the different emotions in his various speeches. Duke Orsino’s repeated usage of poetical verse and poetic devices to describe his woes from love set him apart from other character. By using deep metaphorical language and flowing poetic structure, Shakespeare conveys Orsino’s melodramatic nature. In Orsino’s first speech, he takes a complicated and metaphorical approach to explain his love for Olivia instead of directly stating his desires. Instead of using prose, Orsino speaks in blank verse which is significantly fancier and floral in language. He says, â€Å"If music be the food of love, play on; /Give me excess of it, that, surfeiting, /The appetite may sicken, and so die† (1.1 3-5) to compare his love for Olivia to his love of music. Orsino wants the â€Å"excess of it†, so that he can become bored of music and therefore his love for Olivia. This also shows that he is excessively wordy throughout his speech and often prolongs sentences with repetitive phrases such as â€Å"†¦,pla y on/Give me excess of it, that, surfeiting† (1.1.3-4) and â€Å"†¦may sicken, and so die† (1.1.5) that have the same meaning. His long-winded language illustrates the dramatic quality... ...ve./To spite a raven’s heart within a dove† (5.1.130-131), to finally summarize his long speech. Orsino uses metaphors to compare the lamb to Viola and the dove to Olivia. Viola is the gentle lamb that Orsino claims he will sacrifice in order to attain revenge against Olivia, a deceivingly beautiful dove with a dark heart. By using a metaphor to end his speech, Orsino exits with a more dramatic and profound flair than if he directly stated his plans to kill Viola. Despite the anger in the speech in Act 5, Orsino uses similar poetic techniques such as metaphors, repetition, and flowery language to convey his dramatic nature. These techniques often convolute the original meaning of Orsino’s words because of the metaphorical structure. It is however the same traits that put him aside other characters in the play and make Orsino memorable to the audience.

Electromagnetic Pulse Generator – EMP

IntroductionFor partial fulfilment op the demands for the award op the grade op Bachelor op Technology in Electronics and Communications Engineering child undertaking is done in 7Thursdaysemester and followed in 8Thursdaysemester as major undertaking. Minor undertaking is titled â€Å"Electromagnetic Pulse Generator† , abbreviated as E.M.P.. generator.It was observed during a atomic bomb trial detonation that electronic and electrical equipment got exploded/ fried.During 19Thursdaycentury, solar storm caused E.M.P.. detonations which fried telegraph machines all over Europe and USA, though a few worked.E.M.P.. is op two types Nuclear and Non-Nuclear E.M.P†¦E.M.P.. iz non used as op now but has some future application under DEW ( directed energy arm ) where E-Bomb will be used to destruct enemy’s communicating system including RADARs and might be utile in taking down their economic system and take them back to rock age. We, as a minor undertaking, arr non traveling to do an Microwave bomb or anything destructive but will show at a illumination degree how it works. Purpose op PlanThe intent of thiz undertaking is merely to do an E.M.P.. generator and demo that how modern warfarr would alter ip E.M.P.. iz used and without usage op much adult male power, we could destruct our enemy.It iz ascertain that our enemies arrn’t sitting quiet and they would besides develop such a arm.Looking at our budget, we can non do a large generator but at a little degree we can show its hereafter applications.Undertaking Goals and AimsGoal op the undertaking iz to put emphasis on how we can develop a better category op arms utilizing E.M.P.. generator.Goal will be achieved by developing an easier manner op execution op E.M.P.. rule.ScopeScope DefinitionThe intent op the E.M.P.. iz to destruct electronic equipment.Thiz has military applications written all over it.With extra research in the E.M.P.. , we will cognize better how to protect ourselves from foreign enemies e.m.p..loying such onslaughts against us. While at the same clip, develop better arms op thi z sort to keep high quality.Projected BudgetThiz project’s budget iz less than 1000 rupees as we arr traveling to implement E.M.P.. at illumination degree by utilizing a bear downing circuit to bear down up a capacitance and usage that charged capacitance to supply electromotive force to a Cu spiral to bring forth an EM pulsation.ConstraintsUndertaking ConstraintsOur undertaking iz practically a arm op mass devastation and can do lasting harm to every electronic /electrical device that comes in its scope.Since the beginning op thiz study, we have laid emphasis on the point that we arr implementing thiz undertaking on a miniaturized degree. But still E.M.P.. is unsafe and can do harm to expensive points in propinquity.Hence we arr restricted to a really low degree op execution. Higher degree op E.M.P.. generator might be manner excessively expensive for us to do and plus there arr restraints sing security op electronic points in propinquity.Project Management ApproachUndertaki ng TimelineCalendar monthProgress op the Undertaking23rdAugust, 2014Collection op Information on E.M.P..30ThursdayAugust, 2014Making the Data base6ThursdaySeptember- 25ThursdayOctober, 2014Planing the circuit1stNovember-6ThursdayDecember, 2014Making circuit on bread board and proving2neodymiumJanuary-3rdFebruary, 2015Bettering and brainstorming the defects4ThursdayMarch, 2015Manufacturing the circuit on PCB31stMarch, 2015Consequences and ConclusionHazard AppraisalUndertaking Rizk AssessmentThe intent op the E.M.P.. iz to destruct electronic equipment.Our undertaking iz practically a arm op mass devastation and can do lasting harm to every electronic /electrical device that comes in its scope.Rizk degree iz high but since the beginning op thiz study, we have laid emphasis on the point that we arr implementing thiz undertaking on a miniaturized degree.Thiz undertaking iz rizky as E.M.P.. iz potentially a unsafe arm and could likely destruct expensive material like Mobiles and laptops. Though we arr concerned with the rule behind E.M.P.. and for sake op screening we will develop merely a little E.M.P.. generator therefore rizk involved would be lesser as comparrd to suggested methods, theoretical and hiztorical illustrations op such an event op E.M.P.. explosion.Literature ReviewUndertaking Analysiz and FeasibilityAn electromagnetic pulsation ( E.M.P.. ) , besides sometimes called a transient electromagnetic dizturbance, iz a short explosion op electromagnetic energy. Such a pulsation may happen in the signifier op a radiated electric or magnetic field or conducted electrical current depending on the beginning, and may be natural or man-made.It was observed during a atomic bomb trial detonation that electronic and electrical equipment got exploded/ fried.During 19Thursdaycentury, solar storm caused E.M.P.. detonations which fried telegraph machines all over Europe and USA, though a few worked.Equally early as 1962, USA detonated a atomic Bomb in US and Soviet Cold War atmospheric trial plans. Thiz explosion wasn’t intended for an E.M.P.. trial but accidently it was observed that many op the telegraph services, Street lamps got fried.The US and Soviet atmospheric trial plans used E-bomb engineering to E.M.P.. explosions. The E-Bomb plants on a rule that current fluxing through a Cu spiral induces Magnetic Field and magnetic field induces current in spiral, ensuing in a pulse op EM energy that iz capable op damaging any electrical, electronic equipment.E.M.P.. intervention iz by and large damaging to electronic equipment, and at higher energy degrees a powerful E.M.P.. event such as a lightning work stoppage can damage physical objects such as edifices and aircraft constructions.An E.M.P.. typically contains energy at many frequences from DC ( zero Hz ) to some upper bound depending on the beginning. The whole scope op concern iz sometimes referred to as â€Å" DC to daylight † , with optical ( infrarrd, vizible, UV ) and ionisin g ( X and gamma beams ) ranges normally being excluded.The highest frequences arr present in Nuclear E.M.P.. ( NE.M.P.. ) bursts. These continue up into the optical and ionizing scopes.E.M.P.. events normally induce a corresponding signal in the victim equipment, due to matching between the beginning and victim. Coupling normally occurs most strongly over a comparatively narrow frequence set, taking to a characteriztic damped sine wave signal in the victim.Vizually it iz shown as a high frequence sine wave turning and disintegrating within the longer-lived envelope op the double-exponential curve.A damped sine moving ridge typically has much lower energy and a narrower frequence spread than the original pulsation, due to the transportation characteriztic op the yoke manner.In pattern, E.M.P.. trial equipment opten injects these damped sine moving ridges straight instead than atte.m.p..ting to animate the high-energy menace pulsations.The development op conventional E – bomb d evices allows their usage in non-nuclear confrontations. It can be used by particular forces squads who infiltrate the enemy ‘s and explode a device near their electronic devices.It destroys the electronics op all computing machine and communicating systems in a rather big arra.The E.M.P.. bomb can be smaller than a HERF gun to do a similar sum op harm and iz typically used to damage non a individual mark ( non taking in one way ) but to damage all equipment near the bomb.The efficient executing op an Information Warfarr run against a modern industrial or post-industrial opposition will necessitate the usage op specialised tools designed to destruct information systems. High Power Electro-magnetic Pulse coevals techniques and High Power Microwave engineering have matured to the point where practical electro-magnetic bombs arr going technically executable, with new applications in both Strategic and Tactical IW ( Information Warfarr ) .Modern VLSI french friess arr highly sensi tive to voltage rushs, and would be burned out by even little escape currents. Military equipment iz by and large designed to be resiztant to E.M.P.. , but realiztic trials arr really dipficult to execute and E.M.P.. protection remainders on attending to item.Thiz iz where the consequence op E.M.P.. starts to acquire complex. All electricity travels, op class, at the velocity op visible radiation.The circuit surfs that arr built into our electrical system or the 1s you buy to stop up your ain computing machine in to, arr designed to â€Å"read’ the flow op current.Information science it all of a sudden exceeds a certain degree, the ledgeman catchs and takes you opf line, therefore protecting everything beyond it.More than a few op us have found out that when you buy a inexpensive rush defender for 10 or 20 vaulting horses sure it will snarl opf, but the rush has already passed through and fried your expensive plasma televizion or new computing machine.Unlike a lightning work stoppage, or other power rush, an E.M.P.. rush iz â€Å"front loaded.† Meaning it doesn’t make a construct up for a twosome op micrometer seconds, leting adequate clip for the circuit ledgeman to â€Å"read† that problem iz on the manner and close down.It comes alternatively like a wall op energy, without any progress moving ridge constructing up as a warning. It therefore sweeps through about all commercial and even military rush defenders already in topographic point, and iz past the â€Å"safety barrier† and into the delicate electronics before the system has clip to respond.In 1962 both USA and the Soviets detonated atomic arms in infinite ( saber rattle during the Cuban Mizsile Criziz ) and it iz reported that a figure op autos, their ignition systems a 1000 stat mis off from the explosion were fried because op E.M.P†¦Great modern comfortss from airbag detectors to fuel injectors and all op it arr more and more dependent on computing machines. At the blink of an eye the â€Å"Pulse† work stoppages, the organic structure op your auto and the wireless aerial will feed the overload into your vehicle’s computing machine and short it out.Thiz is a terrorizing facet op an onslaught that no authorities study has publically dizcussed along with the possible casualty rate in the first seconds after an onslaught. Commercial airliners today arr all computing machine driven.E.M.P.. protection can be done by utilizing A Faraday coop or Faraday shield iz an enclosure formed by conductive stuff or by a mesh op such stuff.Such an enclosure blocks external inactive and non-static electric Fieldss by imparting electricity through the mesh, supplying changeless electromotive force on all sides op the enclosure.Since the difference in electromotive force iz the step op electrical potency, no current flows through the infinite.Faraday cages arr named after the Englizh scientizt Michael Faraday, who invented them in 1836. A Farad ay coop operates because an external inactive electrical field causes the electric charges within the coop ‘s carry oning stuff to be diztributed such that they cancel the field ‘s consequence in the coop ‘s inside.Thiz phenomenon iz used, for illustration, to protect electronic equipment from lightning work stoppages and electrostatic dizcharges.Appendix Undertaking Summary: An electromagnetic pulsation ( E.M.P.. ) , besides sometimes called a transient electromagnetic dizturbance, iz a short explosion op electromagnetic energy. Such a pulsation may happen in the signifier op a radiated electric or magnetic field or conducted electrical current depending on the beginning, and may be natural or man-made. The term â€Å" electromagnetic pulsation † iz normally abbreviated to the acronym E.M.P†¦ E.M.P.. intervention iz by and large damaging to electronic equipment, and at higher energy degrees a powerful E.M.P.. event such as a lightning work stoppage can damage physical objects such as edifices and aircraft constructions. An electromagnetic pulsation iz a short explosion op electromagnetic energy. Its shortness means that it will ever be spread over a scope op frequences. Pulsations arr typically characterized by:The type op energy ( radiated, electric, magnetic or conducted ) .The scope or spectrum op frequences present.Pulse wave form: form, continuance and amplitude.An E.M.P.. arizes where the beginning emits a short-duration pulsation op energy. The energy iz normally broadband by nature, although it opten excites a comparatively narrow-band damped sine wave response in the victim. Some types arr generated as insistent and regular pulsation trains. Types op E.M.P.. divide loosely into natural, semisynthetic and arms effects. Methodology to be adopted:E.M.P.. generator iz foremost constructed on a bread board and so it will be fabricated on a PCB. Its strength will be tested on the basiz op current flow and electromotive force across the spiral. Resource Requirement:Low induction Capacitor, Transformer, electromotive force supply, PCB, Bread Board, Copper spiral. Justipication op the Undertaking: E.M.P.. can be used in Defense systems like anti-mizsile system. High Power Electro-magnetic Pulse coevals techniques and High Power Microwave engineering have matured to the point where practical E-bombs ( Electro-magnetic bombs ) arr going technically executable, with new applications in both Strategic and Tactical Information Warfarr. The development op conventional E-bomb devices allows their usage in non-nuclear confrontations. It can be used by particular forces squads who infiltrate the enemy ‘s and explode a device near their electronic devices. It destroys the electronics op all computing machine and communicating systems in a rather big arra. The E.M.P.. bomb can be smaller than a HERF gun to do a similar sum op harm and iz typically used to damage non a individual mark ( non taking in one way ) but to damage all equipment near the bomb. PERT chart/ Schedule op undertaking completion:Calendar monthSubjects to be covered23rdAugust, 2014Collection op Information on E.M.P..30ThursdayAugust, 2014Making the Data base6ThursdaySeptember- 25ThursdayOctober, 2014Planing the circuit1stNovember-6ThursdayDecember, 2014Making circuit on bread board and proving2neodymiumJanuary-3rdFebruary, 2015Bettering and brainstorming the defects4ThursdayMarch, 2015Manufacturing the circuit on PCB31stMarch, 2015Consequences and ConclusionMentions: 1.hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/www/effects/eonw_11.pdf 2.hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tfd.chalmers.se/~valeri/E.M.P†¦ hypertext markup language 3.hypertext transfer protocol: //www.eckelusa.com/products/modular-enclosures/-e.m.p..-applications.html

Essay about Alcoholism and Drug Addiction - 17765 Words

FORWARDING CERTIFICATE Ms Bandana Grover has been permitted to write a project on â€Å"Alcoholism and Drug Addiction† for B.A. LL.B. (Hons) Internal Evaluation of Amity Law School, Sector – 125, Noida, AUUP. Date: 10th October 2011 Ms. Mokshdha Bhushan Lecturer Amity Law School AUUP Noida - 201301 Introduction Alcoholism and Drug Addiction may be conceptualized as crime without victim that is, addict himself is the victim who becomes a prey of its misuse. This devastating melody is eroding the roots of social, economic and cultural fiber of Indian Society and all across the globe. It gives rise to criminality and criminal behavior which eventually leads to social disorganization. Alcoholism and drug†¦show more content†¦The cumulative toxic effects of chronic alcohol abuse can cause both medical and psychiatric problems. Identifying alcoholism is difficult because of the social stigma associated with the disease that causes people with alcoholism to avoid diagnosis and treatment for fear of shame or social consequences. A common method for diagnosing alcoholism is evaluating responses to a group of standardized questions. These can be used to identify harmful drinking patterns, including alcoholism. In general, problem drinking is considered alcoholism when the person continues to drink when they want to stop because of social or health problems caused by drinking. Treatment of alcoholism takes several steps. Because of the medical problems that can be caused by withdrawal, alcohol detoxification is carefully controlled and may involve medications such as benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium). People with alcoholism also sometimes have other addictions, including addictions to benzodiazepines, which may complicate this step. After detoxification, other support such as group therapy or self-help groups are used to help the person remain sober. Thombs (1999) states according to behavioural sciences alcoholism is described as a â€Å"maladaptive behaviour†. He explains this must not be confused with â€Å"misbehaviour†. Behavioural scientists explain that addicts have a behaviour pattern, which may lead to destructive consequences for themselves, their families andShow MoreRelatedSubstance Abuse : Alcohol Addiction1399 Words   |  6 PagesSubstance Abuse: Alcohol Addiction S15107273 In my essay I will be conversing about a contemporary issue; Alcohol abuse and the implications for the individuals and for society. Alcohol is a drug also classified as a depressant that slows down dynamic functions that results in slow reactions, less concentration and distressed observations. Alcohol dependence is referred to as a chronic disease allied with excessive and habitual use of alcohol. 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